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LEVITICUS – LESSON FOUR

(6:8-7:38)

I. MORE REGULATIONS CONCERNING THE OFFERINGS (6:8-7:38)

 

 A. LAW OF THE BURNT-OFFERING (6:8-13)

1. The lamb offered in the evening to remain on altar all night till morning  when the other lamb is offered (v. 8-9; cf. Exodus 29:38).

2. In the morning, the Priest in linen breeches moves ashes to east side of the altar (v. 10-11).

a. Priest changes clothing and takes ashes outside of the camp into a clean place.

3. Fire of the altar burns continually (v. 12-13)

 B. LAW OF THE MEAL-OFFERING (6:14-23)

1. Aaron and his sons eat what is left after they offer the handful of the meal offering (v. 14-15, cf. 2:3, 10).

2. Most holy (v. 16-18)

 a. Not baked with leaven nor eaten with leaven.

 b. Eaten in a holy place in the court of the tent of meeting.

 c. Portion for every male of the children of Aaron

 d. He that touches offering is holy.

3. the occasion of the anointing of Aaron as high priest (v. 19-23)

a. Meal offering – a tenth part of an ephah (little over 2 quarts) of the baking pan – flat plate (cf. 2:5,6).

b. Half offered in the morning, other half in the evening

c. To be perpetual – when anointing new high priest.

d. Not to be eaten when offered for the priest – wholly offered to Jehovah as a sweet savor.

 C. LAW OF SIN-OFFERING (6:24-30)

1. Most holy:

a. Animal is killed in the same place as the burnt offering.

b. Offering priest eats it in the holy place in the court of the tent of meeting.

c. Whatsoever touches offering is holy.

(1). Garment with sprinkled blood to be washed in a holy place – within court of the tent of meeting.

(2). If pot that boils offering for priest’s eating is earthen, it is to be broken; if brazen (bronzed) then it is to be scoured and rinsed with water.

2. Offering not eaten when blood is brought into the tent of meeting (for offending priest – 4:6,7); (whole congregation – 4:17-18).

a. Offering burnt with fire – outside of camp (cf. 4:12, 21)

 D. LAW OF TRESPASS-OFFERING (7:1-6)

1. Most holy – where animal of burnt-offering is killed, the animal of the trespass-offering is killed.

a. Every male among priests shall eat it in the holy place within the court of the tent of meeting.

2. Blood of sacrifice thrown against inner side of the altar.

3. The fat offered to God as in peace offerings and sin offerings.

            a. Fat tail

            b. Inward fat

            c. Fat on inward parts

            d. Of the membrane of the liver

            e. Two kidneys

 E. PORTIONS OF OFFERINGS (trespass- offerings, burnt offerings, meal-offerings)  BELONG TO THE OFFERING       PRIEST (7:7-10)

1. Skin of burnt-offering belongs to the priest (7:8, cf. 1:6).

 F. LAW OF PEACE-OFFERINGS (7:11-21; 28-34)

1. THANKSGIVING – peace offering for mercies received.

a. Offered with every type of unleavened me

b. Offered with leavened cakes (7:13)

c. Portion of each cake offering is a HEAVE OFFERING – is raised and lowered before God (7:14) – belongs to priest.

d. Flesh of peace offering eaten on same day – not left until morning (7:15).

2. VOWS – peace offering for completed vows and FREEWILL – voluntary offering (7:16-18)

3. Uncleanness – by touching unclean things (7:19-21)

a. Flesh cannot be eaten, must be burnt

b. Anyone touching unclean things cannot eat of peace-offering – penalty: cut off – excommunicated or possibly put to death.

4. WAVE-OFFERING and HEAVE-OFFERING (7:28-34)

a. Offerer with own hands brings fat, breast, and thigh to priest.

(1). Priest burns fat to Lord; breast WAVED – backwards and forwards before the Altar, and then it belongs to officiating priest.  

(2). Priest HEAVES – the thigh or hind leg up and down before the altar and then it belongs to officiating priest.

 G. LAW OF FAT AND BLOOD (7:22-27)

1. Fat of ox, sheep or goat not eaten.

a. If animal dies on its own or is torn of beasts, it’s fat can be used, but not eaten.

b. Penalty: cut off from his people.

2. Blood not eaten of bird or beast

a. Penalty: cut off from his people.

3. If not able to supply birds, then one can offer a measure of fine flour – no frankincense or oil in sin offering; remnant of sacrifice belongs to the priest as a meal offering.

 

 H. Conclusion of laws of offerings (7:35-38).

1. Priest  had their portion of offerings made with fire.

2. Laws concerning five offerings along with special offerings in consecrating priest came from Mt. Sinai to Moses.

  

QUESTIONS:

1. How many burnt-offerings were offered each day?

2. When would the fires of the altar before the tent of meeting go out?

3. What new fact concerning the meal-offering do you learn from 6:14-18?

4. How much fine flour was offered as a meal-offering in consecration of the priest?

5. What type of meal-offering was offered when the priest was anointed?

6. What new information concerning the sin-offering do you learn from 6:24-30?

7. What new information concerning the trespass-offering do you learn from 7:1-6?

8. Did the priest have portions of all five offerings?

9. Briefly describe the three types of peace offerings:

10. What distinguishes the wave-offering from the heave-offering of the peace offering?

11. Could any peace offering be eaten on the third day?

12. What was the penalty of eating peace-offering while being unclean from touching unclean things and/or eating fat and blood?  Explain your answer.  

13. From where did God give this law regarding the offerings?

LEVITICUS – LESSON FIVE

(Chapters 8-9)

In this lesson, we examine the consecration of Aaron and his sons into the priesthood. Special attention  is given to not only the sacrifices offered, but the dress or attire of Aaron and his sons. Become familiar with the robe, ephod, breastplate, Urim and the Thummin and the mitre or turban with the engraved golden plate.

The consecration procedures with sacrifices had been given to Moses while he was in the mountain before the presence of God. In Exodus 28-30, we read what God commanded Moses. It also helps us understand what might be in the basket of unleavened bread (Leviticus 8:2). Included with the unleavened bread were the cakes of unleavened bread mingled with oil, and wafers of unleavened anointed with oil (Exodus 20:2-3). The commandments from the mount are not obeyed by Moses as he gathers Aaron, his sons and the people meet  him and God at the door of the tent of meeting.

The Levites were consecrated as they represent people before God. The firstborn belonged to God for He delivered the firstborn from Egypt. The tribe of Levi was the substitution for the firstborn (Numbers 3:41-45). Now out of the tribe of Levi is chosen the one family of Aaron. Aaron and his four sons, Nadab, Abihu, Eleazer and Ithamar are consecrated as we study the procedure in these two chapters.

I. CONSECRATION OF AARON AND SONS AS PRIESTS (Chapters 8-9)

 A. God’s commandments to Moses to assemble before the tent of meeting (8:1-5).

  1. Aaron and his sons

  2. Garments for priests

  3. Anointing oil

  4. Bullock of sin-offering

  5. Two rams: one for burnt offering; one for consecration

  6. Basket of unleavened bread

  7. The congregation

 B. Aaron and sons are washed, and Aaron clothed (8:6-9).

  1. Inner coat put on first

  2. Girded with girdle

  3. Clothed with robe (cf. Exodus 28:31-35)

  4. Ephod: two shoulder pieces (cf. Exodus 28:6-14)

  5. Breastplate placed (cf. Exodus 28:15-30)

a.   Urim and Thummin (lights and perfections) placed in breastplate (cf. Exodus 28:30, Numbers 27:21).

  6. Mitre with golden plate set upon the head (cf. Exodus 28:36-39).

a. Mitre – turban of fine linen”

b. Golden plate – engraved with “HOLY TO JEHOVAH” – front of mitre

 C. Moses applies anointing oil and clothes Aaron’s sons (8:10-13)

  1. Tabernacle and all furniture therein anointed with oil.

  2. The brazen altar, its vessels, laver, and its base anointed with oil.

  3. Aaron’s head anointed with oil (Psalm 133:2).

  4. Aarons’ sons clothed.

 D. Bullock for sin-offering killed and offered (8:14-17)

  1. Aaron and sons lay hands on the bullock – identified with sacrifice.

  2. Blood put on horns of the altar of incense and poured out at the base of the altar of the burnt-offering (cf. 4:7).

  3. Inward fat and two kidneys burnt on altar.

  4. Rest of the bullock burned outside the camp.

 E. Ram of burnt-offering killed and offered (8:18-21)

  1. Aaron and sons lay hands on the ram – identified with sacrifice.

  2. Blood thrown around the sides of the altar.

  3. Whole ram offered – sweet savor unto Jehovah.

 F. Ram of consecration killed and offered (8:22-29)

  1. Blood applied to tip of Aaron’s right ear, right thumb, and right big toe – then the same for Aaron’s sons.

  2. Wave-offering of fat, unleavened cakes and right thigh waved side to side by the hands of Aaron and his sons.

a. Moses then burns the offering on the altar.

b. Moses takes breast and waves it before Jehovah – his portion of the ram of consecration.

 G. Aaron, his sons, and their garments are sprinkled with blood and oil by Moses (8:30).

  1. Purpose: to consecrate them.

 H. Ram of consecration eaten at door of the tent of meeting along with unleavened bread by Aaron and his sons – the remains are burned with fire.

 I. Aaron and his sons to continue the consecration ceremonies for seven days before the tent of meeting (8:34-36)

 J. Proceedings of the eighth day (9:1-24)

  1. Sin-offering and burnt-offering for the priest offered (9:1-14).

  2. Sin-offering , burnt-offering, meal offering, and peace offering offered for the people (9:15-21).

a. Meal-offering offered and the burnt offering of morning (cf. Exodus 29:38-39)

b. Breasts and right thigh of peace offerings waved side to side for wave-offering.

  3. Aaron blesses the people after coming down from offering sacrifices (9:22).

  4. Moses and Aaron enter into the tent of meeting and blesses the people (9:23a)

  5. Glory of Jehovah appears – the fire of heaven consumes the burnt-offering and the fat upon the altar (9:23b-24).  

  

QUESTIONS:

1. What was different in the dress of Aaron and that of his sons?

2. What did the “ephod” and “breastplate” emphasize about the priest’s work?

3. What was the use of the Urim and Thumim?

4. What is significant about what is engraved on the golden plate?

5. What happened to the bullock of the sin-offering?       Why?

6. What happened to the blood of the ram of consecration?

7. What two wave-offerings were connected with the offering of consecration?

8. What two things were Aaron and his sons sprinkled with?  Why?

9. Did Aaron receive a special anointing apart from the anointing of his sons?

10. What was all to take place for the seven days of consecration?

11. What was so special about the eighth day for God’s people?

12. Moses offered sacrifices for himself and the people on the eighth day. (T)  (F)

13. In 9:23, we see the first time that Aaron enters into the tent of meeting during his time of consecration. (T)  (F)

14. What miraculous event occurred  on the eighth day of consecration? What is the significance of this event?